There are several sources of bibliography data that can be retrieved from online. Many of these have unique identifiers that can be used retrieve specific versions of a document. A single document may have multiple unique identifiers under different namespaces. Examples of these kinds of namespaces include:

• ArXiV ID
• DOI
• PubMed ID
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibcode

Bibliography data may be stored in different kinds of metadata formats including:

• RIS
• BibTeX
• MARC

URI normalisation

• remove proxies s/.ezprox.lib.uh.edu//
• link DOIs to what they redirect to

Controlled vocabulary

• ORCID: Open Researcher and Contributor ID
• GRID: Global Research Identifier Database
• https://orcid.org/blog/2016/03/09/organisations-missing-link

Schema

- Open standards and software for bibliographies and cataloging

lists several software packages and formats for storing bibliographic data.

Standards

• Dublin Core
• FRBR
• SKOS
  • Tematres vocabular server
• CrossRef API
  • http://search.crossref.org/help/api
  • https://github.com/CrossRef/rest-api-doc

Sources for data

• CiteSeer
  • dataset http://csxstatic.ist.psu.edu/about/data
• DBLP
• http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/contents.html
• http://pages.cs.wisc.edu/~anhai/projects/cimple/ - originally DBLife
• http://www.aaai.org/Library/library.php
• http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/
• HCI Bibliography : Human-Computer Interaction Resources
• OpenAlex

http://www.loc.gov/cds/products/marcDist.php

Retractions: - https://retractionwatch.com/retraction-watch-database-user-guide/ - https://www.zotero.org/blog/retracted-item-notifications/